How does the specific gravity of oil compare to that of water?

The specific gravity of oil is typically lower than that of water, which is why oil tends to float on water. Specific gravity is a measure that compares the density of a substance to the density of water. Water has a specific gravity of 1.0. Most oils have a specific gravity of less than 1.0, indicating that they are less dense than water.

When two substances with different densities are combined, the one with the lower density—like oil—will rise above the one with the higher density, which is water in this case. This phenomenon can be observed in real-life scenarios, such as when oil spills occur, causing the oil to sit on the surface of the water rather than sinking. Understanding this property is crucial for environmental assessments and cleanup strategies following oil spills, emphasizing the significance of the relationship between oil and water in both practical and regulatory contexts.